HOUSING THEORY

MCH 2018. HOUSING THEORY. CARMEN ESPEGEL

  

A collective housing PERSPECTIVE of some concentrates from 20th century and a PROSPECTIVE with arguments for 21st century

  

Under this heading different research experiences of the twentieth century are gathered in terms of collective housing that were developed in the ambiguous exploratory territory between theory and discipline. They constitute true tactical patterns, inventories of ways of doing that are the result of collectively generated wisdom. They materialize the perfect coexistence of being and doing, which rests in each of the materializations that are brought here and that we now distinguish as paradigms.

 

These experiences are observed from the watchtower of the present with the purpose of extracting indications for the collective dwelling that today is inhabited and on which one wishes to investigate. The immanent of these projects and processes of the past are filtered with the sieve of social, cultural, political and economic reality of today to elaborate an own plot territory that focuses on the persistence of dwelling.

 

These architectures are conceived as transmitters of knowledge, like constructed manuals that are returned time and time again with the hope of gathering the data that help to understand the recurrent dynamics around the collective habitat, always focused on the production of a space of reference in which individual identities, while retaining their autonomy, can find correspondence.

 

The research concentrates presented here include, from Ernst May to Atelier 5, through Secundino Zuazo or José Luis Sert, the foundations of knowledge and action that are perpetuated in the cyclical process of sedimentation of the know-how that is to project, build and inhabit collective housing.

 

In the prospective section we will investigate new lines of argument to find out the question of what and how domestic space of 21st century should be.

 

Interests fields of contemporary housing focus on values that directly or tangentially have to do with the understanding of the house and its extensions as "urban mother cell" that is, everything local and apparently restricted to domestic scale influences and it is influenced by the urban / territorial context that contains it.

 

It is understood that, as a society, a better environment can be made from domestic space, with more light, more ventilation or an optimal spatial performance. It is also thought that ignorance, cultural habits, inability to access funding or the right professionals should not be obstacles for any user to enjoy a place suited to their housing needs.

 

 

Coursework

 

The Housing Theory module is proposed as a journey through two parallel itineraries that are displayed simultaneously:

 

In the first of them, explained by the professors, are exposed cases and exemplary events around collective housing in Europe in 20th century that are framed in their historical, economic, political and social context.

 

The second, assigned to students, deals with contemporary projects, made between the end of 90s of 20th century and 21st century, selected as examples that put into practice the accumulated experience of almost a century of history of project about inhabiting collectively.

 

The crossing of these two itineraries is the moment of maximum interest: confluence of contents that favors cross reflection between teachers and students, transversal thinking in the approach of concepts, interrelation of ideas and discourses in the methodology to the collective housing project.

 

The work will have the format of a small research work that will let to know a project of collective housing from 21st century. It will be done by pairs and will analyze one of the listed projects below, in a fixed format. In this way all analytical studies can be easily compared. Each group will accumulate documentation (drawings, films, photomontages, or texts and critiques) and analyze them focus on five scales and points of view:

 

- Historical and Cultural Context. 15 photographs with its correspondent captions

- Urban. Scale 1/4500. Morphology, construction of urban fabric and volume

- Block. Scale 1/300. Access system, collective spaces and thresholds interior-exterior

- Cell Unit. Scale 1/100. Organization of the dwelling, spatially and functionally

- Construction. Scale 1/50. Technology used in the facade.

 

The analysis, done through the aforementioned drawings, will be explained in an additional text of 2.000 words that will include maps and diagrams.

 

The way of presenting the research is mainly based on redrawing the project to understand it as deep as possible. We will use the technique developed by GICVO in their CVI (Cuadernos de Vivienda) that will be given to the participants the first day.

 

 

Listed Projects

 

1. Baumhaüser. Frei Otto. Berlin-Tiergarten. Germany. 1991.
2. Fukuoka Housing. Steven Holl. Fukuoka. Japan. 1991.
3. The Whale. De Architekten Cie. Amsterdam. The Netherlands. 2000.
4. Kitagata Apartment Building. Kazujo Sejima. Gifu. Japan. 2000.
5. Silodam. MVRDV. Amsterdam. The Netherlands. 2002.
6. Space Block. Kazujiro Kojima. Hanoi. Vietnam. 2003.
7. Social Housing. Lacaton & Vassal. Mulhouse. France. 2005.
8. Mountain Dwellings. PLOT=Big+JDS. Copenhagen. Denmark. 2008
9. Okurayama Apartments. Sanaa. Yokohama. Japan. 2008
10. Multiunit Housing. Sou Fujimoto. Tokyo. Japan. 2010.
11. 85 Collective housing & activities. Lainé Roussel. Bordeaux. France. 2013.
12. Shinonome Canal Court Collective Housing. Kengo Kuma. Tokyo. Japan. 2014.

 

 

> SCHEDULE

 

CONCENTRATES FROM 20TH CENTURY

 

Thursday, 18.01.2018

15.00 - 17.30 Carmen Espegel. In my house blow up geraniums and a superblock in Barcelona: Casa de las Flores versus Casa Bloc. Visit to Casa de las Flores.

18:00 - 19:30 pm Josep María Montaner. Panorama of Collective Housing Architecture

19:30 - 21:00 Zaida Muxí. Gender Architecture and Urbanism

 

Friday, 19.01.2018

16.00 - 18.00 Carmen Espegel. The 30's: Light, air and sun: Ernst May and the initiative for the new Frankfurt am Main.

18.30 - 20.00 Daniel Movilla. Work in three acts, a research: towards the new communist society. The transition house Narkomfin by Ginzburg

20.00 - 21.00 Debate with Daniel Movilla

 

Thursday, 01.02.2018

16.00 - 18.00 Carmen Espegel. The 50's. The wine rack of L'Unité d'Habitation and the great American bourgeois house on Lake Shore Drive. From El Pozo del Tío Raimundo to Madrid Satellite Settlement Colonies

18.30 - 20.00 Fernando Altozano. The 50's from the form

20.00 - 21.00 Debate with Fernando Altozano

 

Friday, 02.02.2018

16.00 - 18.00 Carmen Espegel. The 60's. The supports technology of Habraken, Halen, Torres Blancas, Coll de Portell, Elviña and Walden

18.30 - 20.00 Esperanza Campaña. Life in between: El Taray Neighborhood Unit

20.00 - 21.00 Debate with Esperanza Campaña

 

Friday, 16.02.2018

16.00 - 18.00 Carmen Espegel. The 80's. The resurgence of social housing in Spain. Case studies: Seville, Madrid and Barcelona

18.30 - 20.00 Andrea Gimeno. The Berlin counterculture

20.00 - 21.00 Debate with Andrea Gimeno

 

 

ARGUMENTS FOR 21ST CENTURY

 

Friday, 02.03.2018

FINAL SUBMISSION COURSEWORK

16.00 - 18.00 Carmen Espegel. The contemporaneity in housing of 21st century

18.30 - 20.00 Gustavo Rojas. Transitory housing

20.00 - 21.00 Debate with Gustavo Rojas

 

 

VISITS

 

Monday, 12.03.2018

9.00 - 14.00 Visit to Torres Blancas and Sanchinarro

 

Tuesday, 13.03.2018

9.00 - 14.00 Visit to Carabanchel

 

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